Now Something I know!
With Fresh Asphalt, you have LOTS of Oil that is used to Make the rock stick together. What Luke said is 98% right There are a few things in there that are a lil wrong. Commerical X Mix Which is used for Highways state roads is a 30% Petrolium product 60%Rock 10% other by products, There is some sand, Not much, Comm X Mix does not contain Rubber, There are however some that do contain rubber but they will be used for parking lots, If they were to be used on Highways they would wear out faster. Fresh off the truck it will be slick, and as cars travel over it still be slick, I will say that after a month you will have the best grip. BUT What you should also take into account is the oil that drips from cars...Which is more than you would think! And the reason that some places use Cement is what they can get cheaper. Cement which has to be poured in slabs tends to have pot holes at the joints faster BUT they wear less than asphalt. Asphalt has a life of 5 years on major roads/highways. Cement has a life of about 8 years before replacement at first it cost more than asphalt but when you dont have to replace it as soon you get some cost back.
So to get back on topic NO you dont have the best grip on fresh asphalt. The best thing is for a good rain to Cure the mix all the way. It takes about 2 days for the Mix to be 100% cured Hints the random bits of gravel that comes out of it. But after about 1 month it will be the best